Showing posts with label Politics. Show all posts
Showing posts with label Politics. Show all posts

Thursday, March 31, 2011

The Environment and International Relations (Themes in International Relations)



The Environment and International Relations (Themes in International Relations)
Kate O'Neill | 2009-02-02 00:00:00 | Cambridge University Press | 264 | Politics
This exciting new textbook introduces students to the ways in which the theories and tools of International Relations can be used to analyse and address global environmental problems. Kate O'Neill develops an historical and analytical framework for understanding global environmental issues, and identifies the main actors and their roles, allowing students to grasp the core theories and facts about global environmental governance. She examines how governments, international bodies, scientists, activists and corporations address global environmental problems including climate change, biodiversity loss, ozone depletion and trade in hazardous wastes. The book represents a new and innovative theoretical approach to this area, as well as integrating insights from different disciplines, thereby encouraging students to engage with the issues, to equip themselves with the knowledge they need, and to apply their own critical insights. This will be invaluable for students of environmental issues both from political science and environmental studies perspectives.

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Border Theory: The Limits of Cultural Politics



Border Theory: The Limits of Cultural Politics
Scott Michaelsen,David E. Johnson | 1900-01-01 00:00:00 | University of Minnesota Press | 266 | Politics
Challenging the prevailing assumption that border studies occurs refers only to the border between Mexico and the United States, the authors gathered in this volume examine the multiple borders that define the United States and the Americas, including the Mason-Dixon line, the U.S.-Canadian border, the shifting boundaries of urban diasporas, and the colonization and confinement of American Indians .

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Thursday, March 17, 2011

France and Germany at Maastricht: Politics and Negotiations to Create the European Union (Contemporary Issues in European Politics)



France and Germany at Maastricht: Politics and Negotiations to Create the European Union (Contemporary Issues in European Politics)
Colette Mazzucelli | 1999-08-01 00:00:00 | Routledge | 374 | Politics
This volume analyzes French and German diplomacy during the intergovernmental conferences (IGCs) on economic and monetary union (EMU) and political union, and the subsequent national treaty ratification process in each country. It uses various approaches to explore the domestic-international interactions predominant during internal bargaining in Paris and Bonn, and external negotiations at different levels among working groups, personal representatives, ministers and political leaders in Brussels. The author argues that there are at least two reasons why this topic merits close examination. The historic importance of Franco-German relations in the European Union is an essential starting point. For over 30 years, the "privileged partnership" has launched initiatives in European construction. The European Monetary System (EMS) is one example. In the aftermath of German unification, the significance of the Franco-German tandem for European integration is even greater as both states adjust to the new Europe. A second point of departure is that the major initiatives on EMU came during the German and French Presidencies of the Council of Ministers in 1988 and 1989 respectively. Chancellor Helmut Kohl and President Francois Mitterand sustained the momentum towards political union in a series of three Franco-German letters to the Irish, Italian and Dutch Presidencies during 1990-1991. In short, the IGCs were the culmination of an active period of development in the European Community, and Franco-German initiatives were the driving force at the time.
Reviews
"France and Germany at Maastricht is simply political science at its best. Its analytical narrative of Franco-German negotiations on political and monetary union is the most thorough and balanced account of the pivotal episode in the current project of European unity. It combines a comprehensive understanding of the national and sectoral interests at stake in the Maastricht negotiations with a firm grasp of the institutional and electoral environment in which negotiations proceeded. The depth and breadth of the research material required by a study of this variety alone is impressive, but Mazzucelli's lucid explanation of its meaning makes the book a valuable addition to the fields of European studies, comparative politics and international relations." -Carl C. Hodge, Okanagan University College

"In the present context of the efforts to promote a European Union and Franco-German relations, Dr. Mazzucelli's book constitutes an extraordinarily useful contribution to the statesman's, diplomat's, scholar's and layman's reflections on these matters and provides extremely useful leads to all those who, in one way or another, are responsible for the destiny of the European continent and its relations with other parts of the world, in particular its transatlantic allies." -His Excellency Alfred Cahen, Secretary General, Atlantic Treaty Association

"This very informative and balanced volume, rich in factual content and documentary materials, is recommended to politicians, diplomats, experts in European Union affairs and those who would like insight into "corridor diplomacy" during the Maastricht process. This book is also suggested to those who feel responsible for the success of Hungary's negotiations with the European institutions." -Hungarian Foreign Affairs Journal, Spring `97

"Mazzucelli provides an extremely detailed analysis of the national decision-making processes of two of the principal players in the Maastricht negotiations, and a comprehensive discussion of the national, subnational and transnational actors central to the negotiating process...The book's focus and methodological sophistication make it most useful for specialists in the field." -Choice, September `97

"The story Mazzucelli narrates is a fascinating one. The reader is taken inside negotiations in cabinets, ministerial offices and presidential palaces; in national parliaments, government conclaves, Commission meetings, and Council deliberations. We are given a detailed picture of the relationships developed at every level of the bureaucracy and between regional, national and Brussels bureaucracies. This is one of the best documented accounts I have seen of the manifold intricacies of EU politics and negotiation. Mazzucelli has an impressive command of both the primary and secondary materials in French, German, Italian and English. She is also a skilled and assiduous interviewer and has woven into her narrative information obtained over a period of several years. The book is impeccably footnoted and the 33-page bibliography is a mine of information. It is a pleasure to read a book produced with such care." -Glenda G. Rosenthal, Columbia University ECSA Review, Fall `97

"The originality of this work, over and above the attentive look at French and German behavior during this IGC, is that it analyzes the negotiation - which was so difficult for several Member States at domestic level - combining three approaches: "Jean Monnet's practical and purposeful way of doing things," Putnam's "two-level games" (this approach...seems particularly useful in the case of Maastricht, given its emphasis on both "internal bargaining at the domestic level and external negotiations at the international level") and the "four images" of civil servants described by Aberbach, Putnam and Rockman...Anyone involved in another European Union IGC should be very interested in this analysis..." -"Europe" Bulletin, "European Library," Brussels, 15 & 16 December `97

"Mazzucelli's book sheds light on the history of Franco-German governmental relations as the Cold War ended..., situates Franco-German bilateralism within a process of multilateral negotiations in the European Union..., and empirically confirms that it is not possible to understand European integration without taking into account the institutional diversity of states....This volume deserves to be read with interest...,and offers leads for theoretical reflection to all those who work in the areas of integration, foreign policy and the political sociology of European states." -Christian Lequesne, CERI, Revue Française de Science Politique, décembre `97

"In light of the recent events in Brussels, this analysis of French-German relations in the framework of European integration is extremely topical....It examines whether the two European powers, which played a leading role in the period considered, will continue to play a similar role in the enlarged Europe of the future....It should be pointed out that the study is heavily based on primary and secondary sources, as well as interviews with personalities from the political and academic worlds carried out in various European countries between 1992 and 1994." -The International Spectator, Rome, April-June `98

"According to Mazzucelli the process of EU intergovernmental conferences is not subsumed under the intergovernmental approach ....Neofunctional and federal approaches are also not regarded by her as useful for this analysis. In the author's view, these approaches underestimate the complexity of the integration process and do not consider sufficiently the contradictory relations between Brussels and the member states....Furthermore since intergovernmental conferences will be an important element of European integration, i.e., Amsterdam, works like this one by Mazzucelli are important for the analysis of the process of European unity." -Paul Luif, Austrian Institute of International Affairs, Austrian Journal of Political Science, Issue Number 4 `98

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Monday, March 14, 2011

George W. Bush and China: Policies, Problems, and Partnerships



George W. Bush and China: Policies, Problems, and Partnerships
Chi Wang | 2008-12-16 00:00:00 | Lexington Books | 156 | Politics
This study analyzes United States policies regarding China during the administration of President George W. Bush. Chi Wang examines the relationship between the United States and China from its tense origins to its current stability.

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Sunday, March 13, 2011

Japan's Reluctant Realism: Foreign Policy Challenges in an Era of Uncertain Power



Japan's Reluctant Realism: Foreign Policy Challenges in an Era of Uncertain Power
Michael J. Green | 2001-05-18 00:00:00 | Palgrave Macmillan | 368 | Politics
Michael J. Green examines the adjustments of Japanese foreign policy in the decade since the end of the Cold War. Green presents case studies of China, the Korean peninsula, Russia and Central Asia, Southeast Asia, the international financial institutions, and multilateral forums (the United Nations, APEC, and the ARF). In each, Green considers Japanese objectives; the effectiveness of Japanese diplomacy in achieving those objectives; the domestic and exogenous pressures on policy making; the degree of convergence or divergence with the United States in both strategy and implementation; and lessons for more effective U.S.-Japan diplomatic cooperation in the future. As Green notes, its bilateral relationship with the United States is at the heart of Japan's foreign policy initiatives, and Japan therefore conducts foreign policy with one eye carefully on Washington. However, Green argues, it is time to recognize Japan as an independent actor in Northeast Asia, and to assess Japanese foreign policy in its own terms.
Reviews
This is an excellent book on Japanese foreign policy written by someone now working for the National Security Council. It draws upon on copious research including interviews conducted by the author, as well as Japanese and English language secondary source materials. Green convincingly argues that Japanese foreign policy is particularly driven by parochial domestic considerations, and in this respect the book is quite timely in light of the political changes occurring in Japan. I learned quite a bit from reading this book -- even regarding issues on which I thought my own prior knowledge was significant.

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Friday, March 4, 2011

After the Earth Quakes: Elastic Rebound on an Urban Planet



After the Earth Quakes: Elastic Rebound on an Urban Planet
Susan Elizabeth Hough,Roger G. Bilham | 2005-11-24 00:00:00 | Oxford University Press, USA | 336 | Politics
Earthquakes rank among the most terrifying natural disasters faced by mankind. Out of a clear blue sky-or worse, a jet black one-comes shaking strong enough to hurl furniture across the room, human bodies out of bed, and entire houses off of their foundations. When the dust settles, the immediate aftermath of an earthquake in an urbanized society can be profound. Phone and water supplies can be disrupted for days, fires erupt, and even a small number of overpass collapses can snarl traffic for months. However, when one examines the collective responses of developed societies to major earthquake disasters in recent historic times, a somewhat surprising theme emerges: not only determination, but resilience; not only resilience, but acceptance; not only acceptance, but astonishingly, humor. Elastic rebound is one of the most basic tenets of modern earthquake science, the term that scientists use to describe the build-up and release of energy along faults. It is also the best metaphor for societal responses to major earthquakes in recent historic times. After The Earth Quakes focuses on this theme, using a number of pivotal and intriguing historic earthquakes as illustration. The book concludes with a consideration of projected future losses on an increasingly urbanized planet, including the near-certainty that a future earthquake will someday claim over a million lives. This grim prediction impels us to take steps to mitigate earthquake risk, the innately human capacity for rebound notwithstanding.
Reviews
Susan Hough, rising star of the southern California earthquake science scene, and Roger Bilham, professor extraordinaire from the University of Colorado Boulder, have given us a very different earthquake book in _After the Earth Quakes: elastic rebound on an Urban planet_. Hough and Bilham focus primarily on historical earthquakes for which no instrumental readings exist and for which researchers must use anecdotal and often flawed "felt reports" and pre-photographic damage surveys to reconstruct the events surrounding an earthquake. The authors show us how the seismic sciences advanced with each new devastating earthquake, starting with the great Lisbon earthquake [and tsunami and fire] of 1755. The book is more or less chronological through chapter 8 and then splays off like a complex fault zone into more topical chapters [tsunamis, Los Angeles]. The book is both optimistic - the use of the term elastic rebound metaphorically to refer to how humans usually react [positively and generously] after a destructive earthquake - and pessimistic - even though scientists long ago internalized the idea that Nick Ambraseys summarizes with the quote "Earthquakes don't kill people, buildings do!", urban humanity may bring on even bigger disasters by failing to enact or ignoring well-designed building codes [often after the cold calculations of a cost-benefit analysis].



In my opinion, by focusing on earthquake intensity [as measured on the modified Mercalli scale using "felt reports" and damage surveys], _After the Earth Quakes_ is a great companion piece to other earthquakes books that focus on geophysics and earthquake magnitude [as measured on the Gutenberg-Richter scale]. I learned my earthquake theory at Penn State, but I've done my earthquake field work as a resident of southern California, where I've seen smaller quakes like the M5.9 Whittier Narrows earthquake do major damage and larger earthquakes like the M7.3 Landers quake and the M7.1 Hector Mine quake do little to no damage. It is hard not to resonate deeply with _After the Earth Quakes_ when one lives in a state that still has unreinforced masonry buildings in earthquake zones over a hundred years after we first figured out that they don't stand up to strong ground shaking.



I highly recommend _After the Earth Quakes_ to any reader with an interest in earthquakes and history and I think it should be mandatory reading for all politicians, civil engineers, and city planners.



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Wednesday, February 23, 2011

Social Insurance and Social Justice: Social Security, Medicare and the Campaign Against Entitlements



Social Insurance and Social Justice: Social Security, Medicare and the Campaign Against Entitlements
Leah Rogne,Carroll Estes,Brian R. Grossman,Brooke Hollister,Erica Solway | 2009-03-23 00:00:00 | Springer Publishing Company | 488 | Politics

"[W]e must tell the story of how social insurance programs have assured basic economic and health security for millions of Americans .This book is a must-read for anyone who cares about these goals."
-From the Foreword by Barbara Kennelly
President and CEO,
National Committee to Preserve Social Security and Medicare

This politically charged, provocative text serves as an introduction to social insurance programs, examining all aspects of these hotly debated policies. The editors cover cutting-edge topics, including Social Security and privatization, universal health insurance, and how America's changing demographics will impact social security in the years to come.

Five key sections cover the critical topics:

  • Social Insurance: History, Politics, and Prospects examines the foundational social insurance principles upon which Social Security, Medicare, and other programs are based
  • What's at Stake identifies the risks posed to women, minorities, and the elderly if they could no longer depend on social insurance programs
  • The Ongoing Debates on Social Insurance discusses public opinions of social insurance programs, and responds to arguments supporting privatization
  • Critical Perspectives on Social Insurance Reform presents international experiences and policy trends, and analyzes reform movements from a social justice perspective
  • Teaching Social Insurance: Critical Pedagogy and Social Justice presents pedagogical strategies to help students understand, influence, and engage in an informed debate about social policy


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Sunday, February 20, 2011

The Politics of Change: Globalization, Ideology and Critique



The Politics of Change: Globalization, Ideology and Critique
Werner Bonefeld,Kosmas Psychopedis | 2000-09-25 00:00:00 | Palgrave Macmillan | 224 | Politics
Kant defined the Enlightenment as humanity's attempt to leave behind its self-imposed immaturity. Social theory is thus charged with enlightening the human condition and its social constitution in order to achieve maturity and human dignity. Enlightenment is a thoroughly subversive business. The authors to this volume are in no way disturbed by the claim that everybody contributes to society according to their ability and that everybody receives according to their needs. What is disturbing, though, is that the demand for such a 'change' appears outdated and that, instead, many commentators espouse the idea that society's 'laws of development' are governed by an invisible hand. The Politics of Change takes issues with such views. It does so through a timely assessment of the debate on globalization and contemporary versions of neo-liberal and neo-functionalist thought, which underpin much of the globalization discourse. The Politics of Change emphasizes 'change' as a project of human emancipation.

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Moses and Pharaoh: Dominion Religion Versus Power Religion



Moses and Pharaoh: Dominion Religion Versus Power Religion
Gary North | 1900-01-01 00:00:00 | Dominion Press | 426 | Politics
This is Part Two of Gary North's commentary on Exodus. It is a discussion of the Ten Commandments from the point of view of economic theory. Gary's discussion of the sabbath in this book supersedes everything he has written in the past, and nobody who wants to deal with the sabbath issue can afford to ignore the questions he raises in this book. So far, there has been no detailed response from strict sabbatarians, although the book was published in 1986.
Reviews
There are two kinds of Gary North books in this world: those that will change the world in 1,000 years, and those have already sunk without a trace. This is unquestionably one of the most important books ever written.



North here shows that only Dominion religion has any chance of success in this world, and that there is an implicit alliance between Power religionists (humanism, islamism, et al), and escapist religionists (pietists of the Church.) It is confronting, and is not designed to appease the unbeliever of Christian Reconstruction, but then, only Christian Reconstructionists will read it anyway, so what does it matter?
Reviews
Gary North demonstrates from the book of Exodus that true religion, which he calls dominion religion is in a battle with humanistic power religion and its acomplice - escape religion. Discussed in terms of theology and politics (which do mix), modern applications become very apparent. Many in the modern church don't want to take responsibility, under God, for today's political messes. As if something is off-limits for God. Moses and Pharaoh demonstrate what the christian's responsibility is.

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Saturday, February 19, 2011

Research Strategies in the Social Sciences: A Guide to New Approaches



Research Strategies in the Social Sciences: A Guide to New Approaches
Elinor Scarbrough,Eric Tanenbaum | 1998-11-12 00:00:00 | Oxford University Press, USA | 336 | Politics
In this single, accessible volume, a team of international experts sets out a range of analytic tools available to social scientists from the cutting edge of social science methodology. In contrast to much existing literature, which is often of daunting complexity, this volume presents social scientists with some experience with a guide through the maze of advanced techniques applicable across the range of the social sciences.
Reviews
This book must be a companion for all social science researchers who intend to present their work within the canons of methodological positivism. It is very easy to read. Complex statistical applications are simplified within the context of practical research endeavors. Very helpful.

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Wednesday, February 16, 2011

Convivial Urban Spaces: Creating Effective Public Spaces



Convivial Urban Spaces: Creating Effective Public Spaces
Henry Shaftoe | 1900-01-01 00:00:00 | Earthscan Publications Ltd. | 154 | Politics
Despite developments in urban design during the last few decades, architects, urban planners and designers often continue to produce areas of bland, commercially-led urban fabric that deliver the basic functional requirements of shelter, work and leisure but are socially unsustainable and likely generators of future problems. Convivial Urban Spaces argues that successful urban public spaces are an essential part of a sustainable built environment. Without them we are likely to drift into an increasingly private and polarized society, with all the problems that ensue. Taking a multidisciplinary approach, this book draws on new primary research, and the literature and theory of environmental psychology and urban design, to advance our understanding of what makes effective public spaces. The result is a practical and clearly presented guide to urban public space for planners, architects and students of the urban environment.


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Saturday, February 12, 2011

Islamic Liberation Theology: Resisting the Empire



Islamic Liberation Theology: Resisting the Empire
Hamid Dabashi | 2008-07-10 00:00:00 | Routledge | 320 | Politics

This book is a radical piece of counter-intuitive rethinking of the clash of civilizations theory and global politics.

In this richly detailed criticism of contemporary politics, Hamid Dabashi argues that after 9/11 we have not seen a new phase in a long running confrontation between Islam and the West, but that such categories have in fact collapsed and exhausted themselves. The West is no longer a unified actor and Islam is ideologically depleted in its confrontation with colonialism. Rather we are seeing the emergence of the US as a lone superpower, and a confrontation between a form of imperial globalized capital and the rising need for a new Islamic theodicy. 

The combination of political salience and theoretical force makes Islamic Liberation Theology a cornerstone of a whole new generation of thinking about political Islamism and a compelling read for anyone interested in contemporary Islam, current affairs and US foreign policy. Dabashi drives his well-supported and thoroughly documented points steadily forward in an earnest and highly readable style.


Reviews
Historian and theologian, Hamid Dabashi is forthright, organized and thorough. The introduction is a bit repetetive but, as a life-long teacher, I understand his continually bringing us back to the outline. His is the story of an ancient people whose theology/religiosity and life style are so integrated as to be inseparable. The breadth of his world view makes this book a must read. In no uncertain terms, he defines the battle between unholy global domination and all of its victims. Here is a writer who knows we can learn to co-exist as indterdependent communities promoting a sustainable planet if we can resist and overcome the power-over paradigm in which we live.



James Cone's Theology of Black Liberation, Gustavo Gutierrz and Juan Segundo's Liberation Theologies for Latin America began the conversation. Hamid Dabashi continues the dialogue by explaining the struggle of Muslims, by identifying their primary enemy, and by joining their struggle with those of the aforementioned and others to maintain the unique characteristics of their communities in a modern and cosmopolitan world as co-creators of a future with an equal, respectful, playing field.



It is impossible to do this book justice in a short review. For me, the book is an invitation to join the human race, not as dominator nor as submissive nor as a passive but interested spectator. The world needs reflective, passionate participants who believes in what is possible, who can compromise with integrity and who can tell the difference between truth and propaganda. Thank you, Mr. Dabashi.
Reviews
The title of this volume by Dabashi, the contentious Columbia University professor of Iranian studies and comparative literature, calls to mind an argument made during the 1980s by traditional Catholics opposed to the Sandinista regime in Nicaragua. Since all the monotheistic religions are founded on principles of liberation, why should a new "liberation theology," as imagined by the Sandinistas and other Marxists, be grafted onto any of them? Did not the defiance of pharaoh by Moses and the Sermon on the Mount by Jesus--undertaken by personalities who are both honored in Islam--along with Muhammad's battles against corrupt rulers, constitute an original and sufficient theology of liberation?



The motives for the novelty of liberation theology among Third-World Christians and in Dabashi's version of the Islamic intellect are the same. For protagonists of this outlook, traditional religion has proved wanting in addressing recent political questions, especially those posed by colonialism. Thus Catholic clerics in South America believed themselves impelled to armed action in guerrilla formations; thus Dabashi prescribes a reordering of Islam that would more clearly identify the faith of Muhammad with leftism. The parallel is boasted by the author, who, defying historical continuity, does his best to make the two variants, Christian and Muslim, inseparable.



Still, Dabashi seeks Islamic religious legitimacy for his conception. He therefore associates it with the 150-year old Salafi movement for modernization of the Muslim world. He writes that "the rise of Islamic liberation theologies dates back to the early nineteenth century" and the aftermath of "British, French and Russian colonial adventures." But with his specialization in Iran, he devotes a good part of this work to the ideology of the Islamic Revolution although offering little more than a rehash of Iranian religio-political literature. Overall, this volume is so clogged with fashionable but digressive references to everything popular in the contemporary academy, from the Frankfurt School to diatribes against George W. Bush, that it will be of little consequence to serious observers of the Middle East.



As with the Christian liberation theologians, Dabashi presents religion as a cover for a political extremism that courts being an apologia for terrorism. He begins the book with an equation of the atrocities of September 11, 2001, with what he calls "terrorizing U.S. military campaigns" and, in the footnotes, rants against "dilettantes" who link the views of the Egyptian radical Islamist Sayyid Qutb with "the actions attributed to Osama bin Laden." Such rhetoric, and little more, fills Dabashi's pages and, apparently, his mind. Such, it seems, is Dabashi's distinctive da'wa (proselytism).

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Wednesday, February 9, 2011

Kropotkin: And the Rise of Revolutionary Anarchism, 1872-1886



Kropotkin: And the Rise of Revolutionary Anarchism, 1872-1886
Caroline Cahm | 2002-04-18 00:00:00 | Cambridge University Press | 388 | Politics
This major study of Peter Kropotkin sets him firmly in the context of the development of the European anarchist movement as the man who became, after Bakunin's death, their chief exponent of anarchist ideas. It traces the origins and development of his ideas and revolutionary practice from 1872 to 1886, and assesses the subsequent influence of his life and work upon European radical and socialist movements. Dr Cahm analyses Kropotkin's role in the transformation of Bakunin's anti-authoritarian socialism, and shows how two principal types of revolutionary action emerge from anarchist efforts to develop clear alternatives to the parliamentary strategies of social democrats; one based on the activity of individuals and small groups, the other related to large-scale collective action.

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Tuesday, February 8, 2011

Surveillance and Security: Technological Politics and Power in Everyday Life



Surveillance and Security: Technological Politics and Power in Everyday Life
Torin Monahan | 2006-08-04 00:00:00 | Routledge | 360 | Politics
This is a volume of original contributions from scholars in eight different humanities and social science disciplines. The aim of the book is to present a range of surveillance technologies used in everyday life and investigate the politics of their use. It is truly an interdisciplinary project that will find purchase in courses on security studies and the sociology of culture and the sociology of science. Courses on security studies and its impact on culture can be found in a variety of academic departments including STS, criminology, sociology, women's studies, anthropology, political science and justice studies.

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Wednesday, January 26, 2011

Islamic Liberation Theology: Resisting the Empire



Islamic Liberation Theology: Resisting the Empire
Hamid Dabashi | 2008-07-10 00:00:00 | Routledge | 320 | Politics

This book is a radical piece of counter-intuitive rethinking of the clash of civilizations theory and global politics.

In this richly detailed criticism of contemporary politics, Hamid Dabashi argues that after 9/11 we have not seen a new phase in a long running confrontation between Islam and the West, but that such categories have in fact collapsed and exhausted themselves. The West is no longer a unified actor and Islam is ideologically depleted in its confrontation with colonialism. Rather we are seeing the emergence of the US as a lone superpower, and a confrontation between a form of imperial globalized capital and the rising need for a new Islamic theodicy. 

The combination of political salience and theoretical force makes Islamic Liberation Theology a cornerstone of a whole new generation of thinking about political Islamism and a compelling read for anyone interested in contemporary Islam, current affairs and US foreign policy. Dabashi drives his well-supported and thoroughly documented points steadily forward in an earnest and highly readable style.


Reviews
Historian and theologian, Hamid Dabashi is forthright, organized and thorough. The introduction is a bit repetetive but, as a life-long teacher, I understand his continually bringing us back to the outline. His is the story of an ancient people whose theology/religiosity and life style are so integrated as to be inseparable. The breadth of his world view makes this book a must read. In no uncertain terms, he defines the battle between unholy global domination and all of its victims. Here is a writer who knows we can learn to co-exist as indterdependent communities promoting a sustainable planet if we can resist and overcome the power-over paradigm in which we live.



James Cone's Theology of Black Liberation, Gustavo Gutierrz and Juan Segundo's Liberation Theologies for Latin America began the conversation. Hamid Dabashi continues the dialogue by explaining the struggle of Muslims, by identifying their primary enemy, and by joining their struggle with those of the aforementioned and others to maintain the unique characteristics of their communities in a modern and cosmopolitan world as co-creators of a future with an equal, respectful, playing field.



It is impossible to do this book justice in a short review. For me, the book is an invitation to join the human race, not as dominator nor as submissive nor as a passive but interested spectator. The world needs reflective, passionate participants who believes in what is possible, who can compromise with integrity and who can tell the difference between truth and propaganda. Thank you, Mr. Dabashi.
Reviews
The title of this volume by Dabashi, the contentious Columbia University professor of Iranian studies and comparative literature, calls to mind an argument made during the 1980s by traditional Catholics opposed to the Sandinista regime in Nicaragua. Since all the monotheistic religions are founded on principles of liberation, why should a new "liberation theology," as imagined by the Sandinistas and other Marxists, be grafted onto any of them? Did not the defiance of pharaoh by Moses and the Sermon on the Mount by Jesus--undertaken by personalities who are both honored in Islam--along with Muhammad's battles against corrupt rulers, constitute an original and sufficient theology of liberation?



The motives for the novelty of liberation theology among Third-World Christians and in Dabashi's version of the Islamic intellect are the same. For protagonists of this outlook, traditional religion has proved wanting in addressing recent political questions, especially those posed by colonialism. Thus Catholic clerics in South America believed themselves impelled to armed action in guerrilla formations; thus Dabashi prescribes a reordering of Islam that would more clearly identify the faith of Muhammad with leftism. The parallel is boasted by the author, who, defying historical continuity, does his best to make the two variants, Christian and Muslim, inseparable.



Still, Dabashi seeks Islamic religious legitimacy for his conception. He therefore associates it with the 150-year old Salafi movement for modernization of the Muslim world. He writes that "the rise of Islamic liberation theologies dates back to the early nineteenth century" and the aftermath of "British, French and Russian colonial adventures." But with his specialization in Iran, he devotes a good part of this work to the ideology of the Islamic Revolution although offering little more than a rehash of Iranian religio-political literature. Overall, this volume is so clogged with fashionable but digressive references to everything popular in the contemporary academy, from the Frankfurt School to diatribes against George W. Bush, that it will be of little consequence to serious observers of the Middle East.



As with the Christian liberation theologians, Dabashi presents religion as a cover for a political extremism that courts being an apologia for terrorism. He begins the book with an equation of the atrocities of September 11, 2001, with what he calls "terrorizing U.S. military campaigns" and, in the footnotes, rants against "dilettantes" who link the views of the Egyptian radical Islamist Sayyid Qutb with "the actions attributed to Osama bin Laden." Such rhetoric, and little more, fills Dabashi's pages and, apparently, his mind. Such, it seems, is Dabashi's distinctive da'wa (proselytism).

Download this book!

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Tuesday, January 25, 2011

Soft Power Superpowers: Cultural and National Assets of Japan and the United States



Soft Power Superpowers: Cultural and National Assets of Japan and the United States
Watanabe Yasushi,David L. McConnell,Joseph S., Jr. Nye | 2008-05-02 00:00:00 | M.E. Sharpe | 296 | Politics

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Monday, January 17, 2011

In Pursuit of Legitimacy: The Muslim Brothers and Mubarak, 1982-2000 (Library of Modern Middle East Studies)



In Pursuit of Legitimacy: The Muslim Brothers and Mubarak, 1982-2000 (Library of Modern Middle East Studies)
Hesham Al-Awadi | 2005-01-15 00:00:00 | Tauris Academic Studies | 256 | Politics
Hesham Al-Awadi argues that the growing impact of the Muslim Brotherhood on Egyptian politics and society is part of the movement's struggle to gain official legitimacy since its ban in 1954. The movement's remarkable presence in syndicates, student unions, investment companies and parliament was the outcome of its highly organized structure, consolidated during the earlier years of President Mubarak. Although the Brotherhood failed to secure the recognition of the state, they did secure a degree of informal legitimacy, based on their services to middle class beneficiaries. This "social" legitimacy was soon employed politically against the regime as Mubarak, haunted by the sudden rise of Islamists in Algeria and his failure to legitimate his leadership, was impelled to revoke his policies in the nineties.

Reviews
This is an excellent book on the Muslim Brotherhood's experience in Egypt during Mubarak's rule as president. The framework is one of legitimacy on the part of both and how social welfare and civil society matters inform much of the Brotherhood's actions. Political, economic, and social issues are all covered, moving chronologically from 1982 onwards up to 2000. The author conducted many interviews with government members as well as tons of Brotherhood fellows. Also included in the appendices are four hitherto unpublished internal policy documents on the Brotherhood by the Brotherhood. All in all a well-crafted and insightful look on a religious organization's attempt to inculcate itself in a political system that, in the end, denied its place.

The author, though, really needed to have had someone else edit this text. Grammatical, syntactic, and spelling errors abound, sometimes muddying the author's intent in a passage...

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Thursday, January 13, 2011

The Idea of the State (Contemporary Political Theory)



The Idea of the State (Contemporary Political Theory)
Peter J. Steinberger | 2005-03-14 00:00:00 | Cambridge University Press | 344 | Politics
Political theory has been characterized by a pronounced distrust of metaphysical or ontological speculation for more than a half-century. However, Peter J. Steinberger reaffirms the importance of systematic philosophical inquiry into the foundations of political life in view of changing trends. Steinberger demonstrates how such an approach can cast a new and instructive light on a variety of controversial, seemingly intractable problems of tolerance, civil disobedience, democracy and consent.

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Monday, January 10, 2011

Political Parties and Electoral Change: Party Responses to Electoral Markets



Political Parties and Electoral Change: Party Responses to Electoral Markets
Dr Peter Mair,Dr Wolfgang C Muller,Dr Fritz Plasser | 2004-06-09 00:00:00 | Sage Publications Ltd | 296 | Politics
How have Europe's mainstream political parties responded to the long-term decline in voter loyalties?

What are the consequences of this change in the electoral markets in which parties now operate?

Popular disengagement, disaffection, and withdrawal on the one hand, and increasing popular support for protest parties on the other, have become the hallmarks of modern European politics.

This book provides an excellent account of how political parties in Western Europe are perceiving and are responding to these contemporary challenges of electoral dealignment.

Each chapter employs a common format to present and compare the changing strategies of established parties and party systems in Britain, France, Germany, Italy, Austria, Belgium, Denmark, and Ireland.

The result is an invaluable portrait of the changing electoral environment and how parties are interacting with each another and voters today.

Political Parties and Electoral Change is essential reading for anybody seeking a deeper understanding of contemporary electoral politics and of the challenges facing west European party systems.

Peter Mair is Professor of Comparative Politics at Leiden University.

Wolfgang C. M ller is Professor of Political Science at the University of Mannheim and previously taught at the University of Vienna.

Fritz Plasser is Professor of Political Science at the University of Innsbruck.

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